AMPK

Inhibitory Selectivity

AMPK Products

All (33) AMPK Inhibitors (8) AMPK Activators (25) New AMPK Products

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S1113	GSK690693 GSK690693 is a pan-Akt inhibitor targeting Akt1/2/3 with IC50 of 2 nM/13 nM/9 nM in cell-free assays, also sensitive to the AGC kinase family: PKA, PrkX and PKC isozymes. GSK690693 also potently inhibits AMPK and DAPK3 from the CAMK family with IC50 of 50 nM and 81 nM, respectively. GSK690693 affects Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) activity, robustly inhibits STING-dependent IRF3 activation. Phase 1.	Am J Cancer Res, 2022, 12(4):1535-1555 Cell Death Discov, 2022, 8(1):197 Mech Ageing Dev, 2022, 202:111633	UPN cells were treated with GSK690693 or MK2206 (1 uM) for 1h followed by LPA (10 uM), EGF or IGF-1 (10 ng/ml) for another 1h and Western blot was performed. Band intensities of phospho-AKT (p-AKTS473), phospho-S6 (p-S6S240/S244), phospho-YB-1 (p-YB-1S102) and YB-1 were quantified and normalized to the intensity of ERK2. It directly determined the role of AKT using two potent, AKT inhibitors with distinct actions—a catalytic domain inhibitor, GSK690693, and an allosteric inhibitor, MK2206 -in UPN and SKOV3 cells, which showed appreciable AKT and YB-1 phosphorylation upon growth factor stimulation. GSK690693 increased basal and growth factor-induced AKT phosphorylation due to blocking a negative feedback loop downstream of AKT, whereas MK2206 abolished both basal and growth-factor-induced AKT phosphorylation.
S7306	Dorsomorphin (Compound C) 2HCl Dorsomorphin 2HCl (BML-275, Compound C) is a potent, reversible, selective AMPK inhibitor with K_i of 109 nM in cell-free assays, exhibiting no significant inhibition of several structurally related kinases including ZAPK, SYK, PKCθ, PKA, and JAK3. Also inhibits type Ⅰ BMP receptor activity. Dorsomorphin induces autophagy in cancer cell line.	Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2022, 7(1):66 Redox Biol, 2022, 52:102288 Brain Behav Immun, 2022, S0889-1591(22)00041-1	AMPK inhibition by compound C(Dorsomorphin) inhibited autophagy activation and neuroprotection induced by IPC in PC12 cells. (A) Compound C (Comp C) abolished IPC induced neuroprotection in PC12 cells. Cells were incubated with compound C 5 μM 60 min before the onset of IPC. Twelve hours after IPC, the cells were subjected to OGD for 10 h and cell viability was examined with CCK-8 kit. (B) Compound C reduced LC3II/LC3I ratio. The cells were incubated with compound C 5 μM 60 min before the onset of IPC. Then the cells were harvested 12 h after IPC and subjected to Western blot analysis. Bar represents mean ± SD, n = 3. P < 0.05, **P < 0.001 compared with the control group; $$$ P < 0.001 compared with the OGD group; %%% P < 0.001 compared with the IPC + OGD group; # P < 0.05 compared with the IPC group.
S7317	WZ4003 WZ4003 is a highly specific NUAK kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 20 nM and 100 nM for NUAK1 and NUAK2 in cell-base assays, respectively, without significant inhibition on 139 other kinases.	Mol Cell, 2020, 77(6):1322-1339 Cell Death Dis, 2020, 11(8):712 J Recept Signal Transduct Res, 2020, 1-8	The AMPK inhibitor, WZ4003, and the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, could inhibit the APN-induced overexpression of CXCL1 and CXCL8 and h-JBMMSCs chemotaxis. After treated with WZ4003 and SB203580, the expression of CXCL1 (A and B) and CXCL8 (C and D) in the cells and supernatants of h-JBMMSCs treated with or without APN was evaluated by the ELISA assay (n = 3; P < 0.05; *P < 0.01)
E0022^New	Ophiopogonin D Ophiopogonin D (OJV-VI, Deacetylophiopogonin C) is a steroidal glycoside isolated from Chinese herb Radix ophiopogonis and shows anti-tumor property. Ophiopogonin D could suppress TGF-β1-mediated metastatic behavior of MDA-MB-231 cells by regulating ITGB1/FAK/Src/AKT/β-catenin/MMP-9 signaling axis. Ophiopogonin D attenuates PM2.5-induced inflammation via suppressing the AMPK/NF-κB pathway in mouse pulmonary epithelial cells.
S7318	HTH-01-015 HTH-01-015 is a potent and selective NUAK1 inhibitor with IC50 of 100 nM, >100-fold selectivity over NUAK2.	Mol Cell, 2020, 77(6):1322-1339 Cell Chem Biol, 2019, 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.10.005 Breast Cancer Res, 2018, 20(1):22	Mouse BMDMs and human THP1 cells were treated with LPS (200 ng/ml) in the absence or presence of indicated AMPK activators (metformin, quercetin, resveratrol, AICAR, A-769662, and salicylate), AMPK inhibitors (compound C, WZ4003, and HTH-01-015), or HMGB1 inhibitor (glycyrrhizin) for 24 h. HMGB1 release in cell medium was assayed using ELISA kit, respectively (n = 3, *p < .05 versus LPS or Escherichia coli group).
S8274	STO-609 STO-609 is a specific inhibitor of the Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase(CaM-KK) that inhibits the activities of recombinant CaM-KKα and CaM-KKβ isoforms, with Ki values of 80 and 15 ng/ml, respectively, and also inhibits their autophosphorylation activities. STO-609 inhibits AMPKK activity and inhibits autophagy.	EMBO Rep, 2022, e53373 Cell Res, 2021, 10.1038/s41422-021-00565-y Autophagy, 2021, 1-14
S0177	XMD-17-51 XMD-17-51 (XMD17-51) is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of NUAK1.
S7840	Dorsomorphin (Compound C) Dorsomorphin (Compound C, BML-275) is a potent, reversible, selective AMPK inhibitor with K_i of 109 nM in cell-free assays, exhibiting no significant inhibition of several structurally related kinases including ZAPK, SYK, PKCθ, PKA, and JAK3. Dorsomorphin selectively inhibits the BMP type I receptors ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6. Dorsomorphin is used in promoting specific cell differentiation and inducing cancer cell line autophagy. For animal testing, the water-soluble S7306 Dorsomorphin (Compound C) 2HCl is recommended.	Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2022, 7(1):66 Adv Sci (Weinh), 2022, e2105208 Brain Behav Immun, 2022, S0889-1591(22)00041-1	FGF21 activates myogenic and aerobic myofiber-associated genes expression via AMPK pathway. The activator (acadesine) or inhibitor (dorsomorphin) of AMPK pathway were used to treat the pcDNA3.1-21 or control transfected C2C12 myoblasts. For this experiment, four groups were set up: FGF21-ACA (pcDNA3.1-21‡acadesine), Control-ACA (control‡acadesine), FGF21-DOR (pcDNA3.1-21‡dorsomorphin), and Control-DOR(control‡dorsomorphin). The qRT-PCR was performed to detect the genes expression of FGF21 (A), AMPK (B), Sirt 1, Myoglobin(C), Desmin (D), MEF2c (E), a-actin (F). (G) The C2C12 myoblasts were transiently transfected with pCDNA3.1-21 or pCDNA3.1, Western blot showed FGF21 activated AMPK signal via FGF21-Sirt1-AMPK. For the phosphorylated AMPK (right), the intensity of band was normalized total AMPK, and then normalized by control. (H and I) FGF21, as well as AMPK activator acadesine (ACA), increased phosphorylation of AMPM, and myogenic genes expression, especially MyHC I, which was activated by ACA (FGF21‡ACA) and suppressed by AMPK inhibitor DOR(FGF21‡DOR). The data are presented as mean±SD (P<0.05, *P<0.01, and P<0.001), n=ˆ3.
S2697	A-769662 A-769662 is a potent, reversible AMPK activator with EC50 of 0.8 μM in cell-free assays, little effect on GPPase/FBPase activity.	Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2022, 236:113467 J Biol Chem, 2022, S0021-9258(22)00292-7 Cell Signal, 2022, S0898-6568(22)00031-6	Cells were treated with CP, DOXO, SRT1720 (100 nM), EX527 (100 nM), A769662 (10 μM) and Compound C (1 μM) under normoxic or hypoxic conditions for 48 hours, and then their viabilities were measured by MTT.
S4895	Nilotinib hydrochloride monohydrate Nilotinib (AMN-107, Tasigna) hydrochloride monohydrate is a selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor of Bcr-Abl with IC50 < 30 nM in Murine myeloid progenitor cells. Nilotinib induces autophagy through AMPK activition.	EMBO Mol Med, 2021, e11814 Mol Metab, 2021, 55:101410 Cancers (Basel), 2021, 13(21)5543
E0653^New	Trans-ferulic acid Trans-ferulic acid is a potent activator of AMPKunder high glucose condition.
E0204^New	Poricoic acid A Poricoic acid A is isolated from the surface layer of Poria cocos. Poricoic acid A activates AMPK to attenuate fibroblast activation and abnormal extracellular matrix remodelling in renal fibrosis. Poricoic acid A also is a modulator of tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (TPH-1).
E1031^New	MK-8722 MK-8722 is a potent, direct, allosteric activator of all 12 mammalian pan-AMPK complexes.
S3296	Hispidulin Hispidulin (Dinatin), an active natrual ingredient in a number of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, exhibits inhibitory activity against the oncogenic protein kinase Pim-1 with IC50 of 2.71 μM. Hispidulin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibition of P13k/Akt signalling pathway in HepG2 cancer cells. Hispidulin exerts anti-osteoporotic and bone resorption attenuating effects via activating the AMPK signaling pathway.
S3832	Euphorbiasteroid Euphorbiasteroid (Euphorbia factor L1), a component of Euphorbia lathyris L., inhibits adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells through activation of the AMPK pathway and induces HL-60 cells to apoptosis via promoting Bcl-2/Bax apoptotic signaling pathway in a dose-dependent manner. Euphorbiasteroid is a tricyclic diperpene of Euphorbia lathyris L., inhibits tyrosinase, and increases the phosphorylation of AMPK, with anti-cancer, anti-virus, anti-obesity and multidrug resistance-modulating effect.
S8953	ASP4132 ASP4132 is a potent and orally active activator of Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) with EC50 of 0.018 μM. ASP4132 is used as a clinical candidate for the treatment of human cancer.
S7898	GSK621 GSK621 is a specific and potent AMPK activator.	Cell Rep, 2022, 38(1):110197 Cell Death Dis, 2021, 13(1):1 Front Physiol, 2021, 12:657378	GSK621 dose-dependent activation of AMPK in erythroblasts. Western Blot analysis of PT172 AMPKα1, PS79 ACC and PS555 ULK1 in primary erythroblasts incubated for 3 h with increasing doses of GSK621. Anti-HSC70 was used as a loading control.
S8654	ex229 (compound 991) EX229 (compound 991) is a potent AMPK activator that is 5-10-fold more potent than A769662 in activating AMPK.	Cell Rep, 2019, 29(10):3331-3348 CHINESE JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE MEDICINE, 2019, 29(12): 39-44
S5958	Metformin Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide), a widely used drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in hepatocytes. Metformin promotes mitophagy in mononuclear cells. Metformin induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells through activating JNK/p38 MAPK pathway and GADD153.	Cancers (Basel), 2022, 14(5)1281 Front Mol Biosci, 2022, 9:780200 Cell Death Discov, 2022, 8(1):204
S0795	O-304 O-304 (O-304X) is an orally available pan-activator of AMPK activated protein kinase (AMPK). O-304 (O-304X) exhibits a great potential as a novel drug to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated cardiovascular complications.	Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 144:112325
S3341	Palmitoleic acid Palmitoleic acid (POA, Palmitoleate) stimulates the uptake of glucose in liver through activation of AMPK and FGF-21, dependent on PPARα.
S8803	MK-3903 MK-3903 is a potent and selective AMPK activator with an EC50 of 8 nM for α1 β1 γ1 subunit. It activates 10 of the 12 pAMPK complexes with EC50 values in the range of 8-40 nM and maximal activation >50%.	Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 144:112325
S0411	BAM 15 BAM 15 is a novel mitochondrial protonophore uncoupler capable of protecting mammals from acute renal ischemic-reperfusion injury and cold-induced microtubule damage. BAM 15 is also a potent AMPK activator. BAM 15 attenuates transportation-induced apoptosis in iPS-differentiated retinal tissue.	Neuroscience, 2012, 223:238-45
S9096	ligustroflavone Ligustroflavone (Nuezhenoside), isolated from the leaves of Turpinia montana, shows high antioxidant capacity and is reported to be an AMPK activator.
S2942	EB-3D EB-3D is a potent and selective inhibitor of choline kinase α (ChoKα) with IC50 of 1 μM for ChoKα1. EB-3D induces deregulation of the AMPK-mTOR pathway and apoptosis in leukemia T-cells.
S9860	BC1618 BC1618 is an orally active Fbxo48 inhibitor that stimulates adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (Ampk)-dependent signaling. BC1618 promotes mitochondrial fission, facilitates autophagy and improves hepatic insulin sensitivity.
S4460	IMM-H007 IMM-H007, an adenosine derivative, is an activator of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK). IMM-H007 is a potential drug for treating cardiac dysfunction. IMM-H007 negatively regulates endothelium inflammation through inactivating NF-κB and JNK/AP1 signaling. IMM-H007 inhibits ABCA1 (ATP binding cassette subfamily a member 1) degradation and facilitates its cell-surface localization in macrophages, thereby promotes cholesterol efflux.
S9604	IM156 IM156 (HL156A), a metformin derivative, is a potent activator of AMPK that increases AMPK phosphorylation. IM156 blocks oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) through the inhibition of complex I and increases apoptosis. IM156 ameliorates various types of fibrosis and inhibits tumors.
S9116	Chikusetsusaponin IVa Chikusetsusaponin IVa (Calenduloside F), a major active ingredient of triterpenoid saponins, has numerous pharmacological activities, including cytotoxic activity against various cancer cells, anti-inflammatory activity, prevention of dental caries and induction of genta-micin nephrotoxicity. Chikusetsusaponin IVa is a novel AMPK activator.
S1323	7-Methoxyisoflavone 7-Methoxyisoflavone (MIF) is a potent activator of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK).
S1321	Urolithin B Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα. Urolithin B suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass.
S1273	Amarogentin Amarogentin (AG), a secoiridoid glycoside mainly extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots, exhibits anti-oxidative, anti-tumour, and anti-diabetic activities. Amarogentin is an agonist for the bitter taste receptor TAS2R1 and inhibits in LAD-2 cells substance P-induced production of newly synthesized TNF-α. Amarogentin induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells (SNU-16) through G2/M cell cycle arrest and PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. Amarogentin (AG) interacts with the α2 subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and activates the trimeric kinase with EC50 of 277 pM.
S3299	Demethyleneberberine Demethyleneberberine (DMB), a component of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis (CPC), significantly alleviates the weight loss and diminishes myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, while significantly reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inhibits the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Demethyleneberberine (DMB) potentially ameliorates NAFLD (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) by activating AMPK pathways.

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S1113	GSK690693 GSK690693 is a pan-Akt inhibitor targeting Akt1/2/3 with IC50 of 2 nM/13 nM/9 nM in cell-free assays, also sensitive to the AGC kinase family: PKA, PrkX and PKC isozymes. GSK690693 also potently inhibits AMPK and DAPK3 from the CAMK family with IC50 of 50 nM and 81 nM, respectively. GSK690693 affects Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) activity, robustly inhibits STING-dependent IRF3 activation. Phase 1.	Am J Cancer Res, 2022, 12(4):1535-1555 Cell Death Discov, 2022, 8(1):197 Mech Ageing Dev, 2022, 202:111633	UPN cells were treated with GSK690693 or MK2206 (1 uM) for 1h followed by LPA (10 uM), EGF or IGF-1 (10 ng/ml) for another 1h and Western blot was performed. Band intensities of phospho-AKT (p-AKTS473), phospho-S6 (p-S6S240/S244), phospho-YB-1 (p-YB-1S102) and YB-1 were quantified and normalized to the intensity of ERK2. It directly determined the role of AKT using two potent, AKT inhibitors with distinct actions—a catalytic domain inhibitor, GSK690693, and an allosteric inhibitor, MK2206 -in UPN and SKOV3 cells, which showed appreciable AKT and YB-1 phosphorylation upon growth factor stimulation. GSK690693 increased basal and growth factor-induced AKT phosphorylation due to blocking a negative feedback loop downstream of AKT, whereas MK2206 abolished both basal and growth-factor-induced AKT phosphorylation.
S7306	Dorsomorphin (Compound C) 2HCl Dorsomorphin 2HCl (BML-275, Compound C) is a potent, reversible, selective AMPK inhibitor with K_i of 109 nM in cell-free assays, exhibiting no significant inhibition of several structurally related kinases including ZAPK, SYK, PKCθ, PKA, and JAK3. Also inhibits type Ⅰ BMP receptor activity. Dorsomorphin induces autophagy in cancer cell line.	Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2022, 7(1):66 Redox Biol, 2022, 52:102288 Brain Behav Immun, 2022, S0889-1591(22)00041-1	AMPK inhibition by compound C(Dorsomorphin) inhibited autophagy activation and neuroprotection induced by IPC in PC12 cells. (A) Compound C (Comp C) abolished IPC induced neuroprotection in PC12 cells. Cells were incubated with compound C 5 μM 60 min before the onset of IPC. Twelve hours after IPC, the cells were subjected to OGD for 10 h and cell viability was examined with CCK-8 kit. (B) Compound C reduced LC3II/LC3I ratio. The cells were incubated with compound C 5 μM 60 min before the onset of IPC. Then the cells were harvested 12 h after IPC and subjected to Western blot analysis. Bar represents mean ± SD, n = 3. P < 0.05, **P < 0.001 compared with the control group; $$$ P < 0.001 compared with the OGD group; %%% P < 0.001 compared with the IPC + OGD group; # P < 0.05 compared with the IPC group.
S7317	WZ4003 WZ4003 is a highly specific NUAK kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 20 nM and 100 nM for NUAK1 and NUAK2 in cell-base assays, respectively, without significant inhibition on 139 other kinases.	Mol Cell, 2020, 77(6):1322-1339 Cell Death Dis, 2020, 11(8):712 J Recept Signal Transduct Res, 2020, 1-8	The AMPK inhibitor, WZ4003, and the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, could inhibit the APN-induced overexpression of CXCL1 and CXCL8 and h-JBMMSCs chemotaxis. After treated with WZ4003 and SB203580, the expression of CXCL1 (A and B) and CXCL8 (C and D) in the cells and supernatants of h-JBMMSCs treated with or without APN was evaluated by the ELISA assay (n = 3; P < 0.05; *P < 0.01)
E0022^New	Ophiopogonin D Ophiopogonin D (OJV-VI, Deacetylophiopogonin C) is a steroidal glycoside isolated from Chinese herb Radix ophiopogonis and shows anti-tumor property. Ophiopogonin D could suppress TGF-β1-mediated metastatic behavior of MDA-MB-231 cells by regulating ITGB1/FAK/Src/AKT/β-catenin/MMP-9 signaling axis. Ophiopogonin D attenuates PM2.5-induced inflammation via suppressing the AMPK/NF-κB pathway in mouse pulmonary epithelial cells.
S7318	HTH-01-015 HTH-01-015 is a potent and selective NUAK1 inhibitor with IC50 of 100 nM, >100-fold selectivity over NUAK2.	Mol Cell, 2020, 77(6):1322-1339 Cell Chem Biol, 2019, 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.10.005 Breast Cancer Res, 2018, 20(1):22	Mouse BMDMs and human THP1 cells were treated with LPS (200 ng/ml) in the absence or presence of indicated AMPK activators (metformin, quercetin, resveratrol, AICAR, A-769662, and salicylate), AMPK inhibitors (compound C, WZ4003, and HTH-01-015), or HMGB1 inhibitor (glycyrrhizin) for 24 h. HMGB1 release in cell medium was assayed using ELISA kit, respectively (n = 3, *p < .05 versus LPS or Escherichia coli group).
S8274	STO-609 STO-609 is a specific inhibitor of the Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase(CaM-KK) that inhibits the activities of recombinant CaM-KKα and CaM-KKβ isoforms, with Ki values of 80 and 15 ng/ml, respectively, and also inhibits their autophosphorylation activities. STO-609 inhibits AMPKK activity and inhibits autophagy.	EMBO Rep, 2022, e53373 Cell Res, 2021, 10.1038/s41422-021-00565-y Autophagy, 2021, 1-14
S0177	XMD-17-51 XMD-17-51 (XMD17-51) is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of NUAK1.
S7840	Dorsomorphin (Compound C) Dorsomorphin (Compound C, BML-275) is a potent, reversible, selective AMPK inhibitor with K_i of 109 nM in cell-free assays, exhibiting no significant inhibition of several structurally related kinases including ZAPK, SYK, PKCθ, PKA, and JAK3. Dorsomorphin selectively inhibits the BMP type I receptors ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6. Dorsomorphin is used in promoting specific cell differentiation and inducing cancer cell line autophagy. For animal testing, the water-soluble S7306 Dorsomorphin (Compound C) 2HCl is recommended.	Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2022, 7(1):66 Adv Sci (Weinh), 2022, e2105208 Brain Behav Immun, 2022, S0889-1591(22)00041-1	FGF21 activates myogenic and aerobic myofiber-associated genes expression via AMPK pathway. The activator (acadesine) or inhibitor (dorsomorphin) of AMPK pathway were used to treat the pcDNA3.1-21 or control transfected C2C12 myoblasts. For this experiment, four groups were set up: FGF21-ACA (pcDNA3.1-21‡acadesine), Control-ACA (control‡acadesine), FGF21-DOR (pcDNA3.1-21‡dorsomorphin), and Control-DOR(control‡dorsomorphin). The qRT-PCR was performed to detect the genes expression of FGF21 (A), AMPK (B), Sirt 1, Myoglobin(C), Desmin (D), MEF2c (E), a-actin (F). (G) The C2C12 myoblasts were transiently transfected with pCDNA3.1-21 or pCDNA3.1, Western blot showed FGF21 activated AMPK signal via FGF21-Sirt1-AMPK. For the phosphorylated AMPK (right), the intensity of band was normalized total AMPK, and then normalized by control. (H and I) FGF21, as well as AMPK activator acadesine (ACA), increased phosphorylation of AMPM, and myogenic genes expression, especially MyHC I, which was activated by ACA (FGF21‡ACA) and suppressed by AMPK inhibitor DOR(FGF21‡DOR). The data are presented as mean±SD (P<0.05, *P<0.01, and P<0.001), n=ˆ3.

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S2697	A-769662 A-769662 is a potent, reversible AMPK activator with EC50 of 0.8 μM in cell-free assays, little effect on GPPase/FBPase activity.	Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2022, 236:113467 J Biol Chem, 2022, S0021-9258(22)00292-7 Cell Signal, 2022, S0898-6568(22)00031-6	Cells were treated with CP, DOXO, SRT1720 (100 nM), EX527 (100 nM), A769662 (10 μM) and Compound C (1 μM) under normoxic or hypoxic conditions for 48 hours, and then their viabilities were measured by MTT.
S4895	Nilotinib hydrochloride monohydrate Nilotinib (AMN-107, Tasigna) hydrochloride monohydrate is a selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor of Bcr-Abl with IC50 < 30 nM in Murine myeloid progenitor cells. Nilotinib induces autophagy through AMPK activition.	EMBO Mol Med, 2021, e11814 Mol Metab, 2021, 55:101410 Cancers (Basel), 2021, 13(21)5543
E0653^New	Trans-ferulic acid Trans-ferulic acid is a potent activator of AMPKunder high glucose condition.
E0204^New	Poricoic acid A Poricoic acid A is isolated from the surface layer of Poria cocos. Poricoic acid A activates AMPK to attenuate fibroblast activation and abnormal extracellular matrix remodelling in renal fibrosis. Poricoic acid A also is a modulator of tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (TPH-1).
E1031^New	MK-8722 MK-8722 is a potent, direct, allosteric activator of all 12 mammalian pan-AMPK complexes.
S3296	Hispidulin Hispidulin (Dinatin), an active natrual ingredient in a number of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, exhibits inhibitory activity against the oncogenic protein kinase Pim-1 with IC50 of 2.71 μM. Hispidulin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibition of P13k/Akt signalling pathway in HepG2 cancer cells. Hispidulin exerts anti-osteoporotic and bone resorption attenuating effects via activating the AMPK signaling pathway.
S3832	Euphorbiasteroid Euphorbiasteroid (Euphorbia factor L1), a component of Euphorbia lathyris L., inhibits adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells through activation of the AMPK pathway and induces HL-60 cells to apoptosis via promoting Bcl-2/Bax apoptotic signaling pathway in a dose-dependent manner. Euphorbiasteroid is a tricyclic diperpene of Euphorbia lathyris L., inhibits tyrosinase, and increases the phosphorylation of AMPK, with anti-cancer, anti-virus, anti-obesity and multidrug resistance-modulating effect.
S8953	ASP4132 ASP4132 is a potent and orally active activator of Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) with EC50 of 0.018 μM. ASP4132 is used as a clinical candidate for the treatment of human cancer.
S7898	GSK621 GSK621 is a specific and potent AMPK activator.	Cell Rep, 2022, 38(1):110197 Cell Death Dis, 2021, 13(1):1 Front Physiol, 2021, 12:657378	GSK621 dose-dependent activation of AMPK in erythroblasts. Western Blot analysis of PT172 AMPKα1, PS79 ACC and PS555 ULK1 in primary erythroblasts incubated for 3 h with increasing doses of GSK621. Anti-HSC70 was used as a loading control.
S8654	ex229 (compound 991) EX229 (compound 991) is a potent AMPK activator that is 5-10-fold more potent than A769662 in activating AMPK.	Cell Rep, 2019, 29(10):3331-3348 CHINESE JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE MEDICINE, 2019, 29(12): 39-44
S5958	Metformin Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide), a widely used drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in hepatocytes. Metformin promotes mitophagy in mononuclear cells. Metformin induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells through activating JNK/p38 MAPK pathway and GADD153.	Cancers (Basel), 2022, 14(5)1281 Front Mol Biosci, 2022, 9:780200 Cell Death Discov, 2022, 8(1):204
S0795	O-304 O-304 (O-304X) is an orally available pan-activator of AMPK activated protein kinase (AMPK). O-304 (O-304X) exhibits a great potential as a novel drug to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated cardiovascular complications.	Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 144:112325
S3341	Palmitoleic acid Palmitoleic acid (POA, Palmitoleate) stimulates the uptake of glucose in liver through activation of AMPK and FGF-21, dependent on PPARα.
S8803	MK-3903 MK-3903 is a potent and selective AMPK activator with an EC50 of 8 nM for α1 β1 γ1 subunit. It activates 10 of the 12 pAMPK complexes with EC50 values in the range of 8-40 nM and maximal activation >50%.	Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 144:112325
S0411	BAM 15 BAM 15 is a novel mitochondrial protonophore uncoupler capable of protecting mammals from acute renal ischemic-reperfusion injury and cold-induced microtubule damage. BAM 15 is also a potent AMPK activator. BAM 15 attenuates transportation-induced apoptosis in iPS-differentiated retinal tissue.	Neuroscience, 2012, 223:238-45
S9096	ligustroflavone Ligustroflavone (Nuezhenoside), isolated from the leaves of Turpinia montana, shows high antioxidant capacity and is reported to be an AMPK activator.
S2942	EB-3D EB-3D is a potent and selective inhibitor of choline kinase α (ChoKα) with IC50 of 1 μM for ChoKα1. EB-3D induces deregulation of the AMPK-mTOR pathway and apoptosis in leukemia T-cells.
S9860	BC1618 BC1618 is an orally active Fbxo48 inhibitor that stimulates adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (Ampk)-dependent signaling. BC1618 promotes mitochondrial fission, facilitates autophagy and improves hepatic insulin sensitivity.
S4460	IMM-H007 IMM-H007, an adenosine derivative, is an activator of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK). IMM-H007 is a potential drug for treating cardiac dysfunction. IMM-H007 negatively regulates endothelium inflammation through inactivating NF-κB and JNK/AP1 signaling. IMM-H007 inhibits ABCA1 (ATP binding cassette subfamily a member 1) degradation and facilitates its cell-surface localization in macrophages, thereby promotes cholesterol efflux.
S9604	IM156 IM156 (HL156A), a metformin derivative, is a potent activator of AMPK that increases AMPK phosphorylation. IM156 blocks oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) through the inhibition of complex I and increases apoptosis. IM156 ameliorates various types of fibrosis and inhibits tumors.
S9116	Chikusetsusaponin IVa Chikusetsusaponin IVa (Calenduloside F), a major active ingredient of triterpenoid saponins, has numerous pharmacological activities, including cytotoxic activity against various cancer cells, anti-inflammatory activity, prevention of dental caries and induction of genta-micin nephrotoxicity. Chikusetsusaponin IVa is a novel AMPK activator.
S1323	7-Methoxyisoflavone 7-Methoxyisoflavone (MIF) is a potent activator of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK).
S1321	Urolithin B Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα. Urolithin B suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass.
S1273	Amarogentin Amarogentin (AG), a secoiridoid glycoside mainly extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots, exhibits anti-oxidative, anti-tumour, and anti-diabetic activities. Amarogentin is an agonist for the bitter taste receptor TAS2R1 and inhibits in LAD-2 cells substance P-induced production of newly synthesized TNF-α. Amarogentin induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells (SNU-16) through G2/M cell cycle arrest and PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. Amarogentin (AG) interacts with the α2 subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and activates the trimeric kinase with EC50 of 277 pM.
S3299	Demethyleneberberine Demethyleneberberine (DMB), a component of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis (CPC), significantly alleviates the weight loss and diminishes myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, while significantly reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inhibits the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Demethyleneberberine (DMB) potentially ameliorates NAFLD (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) by activating AMPK pathways.

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